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NDT Plus Advance Access originally published online on March 5, 2008
NDT Plus 2008 1(2):67-79; doi:10.1093/ndtplus/sfm046
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© The Author [2008]. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

The impact of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on close persons: a literature review

Joseph Low1, Glenn Smith2, Aine Burns3 and Louise Jones1

1 Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Unit, Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free & University College Medical School, London NW3 2PF
2 Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, London
3 Centre for Nephrology, The Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, London NW3 2QG, UK

Correspondence: Joseph Low, Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Unit, Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free & University College Medical School, London NW3 2PF, UK. Tel: +44-20-7794-0500 ext 36708; Fax: +44-20-7830-2808; E-mail: j.low@medsch.ucl.ac.uk

Key Words: caregiving/caring • end of life care • end-stage kidney disease • review

Received for publication September 20, 2007. Accepted for publication December 13, 2007.

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Introduction
 
Kidney disease is defined as end-stage when a patient's glomerular filtration rate has fallen to <15 ml/min/ 1.73 m2 [1]. Mortality associated with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is high [2]. The incidence of treated ESKD is rising in the western world, with a corresponding increase in the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, especially in ethnic minority groups. Survival on dialysis has been shown to be poorer in the older age group, especially in patients with increased comorbidity and in those whose functional status at the start of dialysis is poor [3]. Whilst renal transplant rates vary between different countries [4], the liberalization in the acceptance of older people into renal replacement therapy (RRT) programmes, together with changes in population demographics and the fact that kidney transplantation is less suitable for this group of older patients, means that dialysis may be the . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   Methodology
 
Search strategies

   Results
 
Initial exploration of the 36 reviewed studies
Main aims of the reviewed studies
Study designs
Sample
Outcome measures (quantitative studies)
Country of origin
Main findings
Family life (Tables 1 and 2)
Caring and psychological Health (Table 3)
End of life and end-stage kidney disease (Table 4)
Methodological critique
General
Quantitative studies
Qualitative studies

   Conclusion
 

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